India the famous country is considered as the seventh largest country in the world. It covers an area of 32,87,2631 sq.km and is divided into three main geological regions: the Indo-Gangetic Plain, the Himalayas, and the Peninsula region. It is bounded by the great Himalayas to the north; it stretches southwards and at the tropic of cancer, tapers off in the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal on the east and the Arabian Sea to the west.

India is a diverse geographical entity. The north of the country is bordered by the long sweep of the Himalayas, the highest mountain range in the world. Lying entirely in the northern hemisphere the mainland extent measures 3214 km from north to south between extreme latitudes and about 2933 km from east to west between extreme longitudes. It has a land boundary of about 15200 km.The total length of the shoreline of the mainland, Lakshwadeep group of islands and Andaman and Nicobar group of islands is 7,516.5 km.

The Himalayas and the other mountain ranges -Mustagh Ata, Aghil Kunlun mountains to the north of Kashmir and to south eastern portion of Zaskar Mountains to the east of Himachal Pradesh- form Indian northern boundary except in the Nepal region. On the basis of its physiographical features, India is divided into ten regions: the Indo-Gangetic Plain, the northern mountains of the Himalayas, the Central Highlands, the Deccan or Peninsular Plateau, the East Coast, the West Coast, the Great Indian Desert and the Rann of Kutch, the valley of the Brahmaputra in Assam, the northeastern hill ranges surrounding the Assam Valley, and the islands of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal.

The Three Main geographical region of India are as follows:-

• Indo-Gangetic Plain
• The Himalayas
• The Peninsula

Indo – Gangetic Plain
It is consider as the most important region of India. The plain is a great alluvial semi-circular land mass stretching from the Indus River system in Pakistan to the Punjab Plain (in both Pakistan and India) and the Haryana Plain to the delta of the Ganga (or Ganges) in Bangladesh (where it is called the Padma). Topographically the plain is homogeneous, with only floodplain bluffs and other related features of river erosion and changes in river channels forming important natural features.

The Himalayas
The Himalayas, the highest mountain range in the world, extends along the northern frontiers of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Burma. They were formed geologically as a result of the clash of the Indian subcontinent with Asia. This process of plate tectonics is ongoing, and the gradual northward drift of the Indian subcontinent still causes earthquakes. Lesser ranges jut southward from the main body of the Himalayas at both the eastern and western ends. The Himalayan system, about 2,400 kilometers in length and varying in width from 240 to 330 kilometers, is made up of three parallel ranges--the Greater Himalayas, the Lesser Himalayas, and the Outer Himalayas--sometimes collectively called the Great Himalayan Range.

The Peninsula
The Peninsula proper is an old, geologically stable region with an average elevation between 300 and 1,800 meters. The Vindhya Range constitutes the main dividing line between the geological regions of the Indo-Gangetic Plain and the Peninsula. This range lies north of the Narmada River, and when viewed from there, it is possible to distinguish the prominent escarpments that rise between 800 and 1,400 meters. The Vindhya Range defines the north-central and northwestern boundary of the Peninsula, and the Chota Nagpur Plateau of southern Bihar forms the northeastern boundary. The uplifting of the plateau of the central Peninsula and its eastward tilt formed the Western Ghats, a line of hills running from the Tapti River south to the tip of the Peninsula. The Eastern Ghats mark the eastern end of the plateau; they begin in the hills of the Mahanadi River basin and converge with the Western Ghats at the Peninsula's southern tip.